Food consumption on the periphery of a fragmented metropolis: differences and inequalities in São Paulo (SP)

Abstract

The present article analyzes inequalities and differences concerning food consumption in the metropolis of São Paulo, using fragmentary social and spatial logic as its theoretical framework. Focusing on the territories of Cidade Tiradentes and Pinheiros, the unequal distribution of fresh and minimally processed foods is examined in relation to daily consumption practices. The research, which is both quali-quantitative and cartographic in nature, shows that while the expansion of supermarket chains in the periphery intensifies polycentricity, it does not mitigate food insecurity, instead perpetuating the predominance of ultra-processed foods. Establishments in Pinheiros are more numerous, more diverse and higher-quality, whereas in Cidade Tiradentes the population relies on dual distribution (i.e. establishments that act as both wholesalers and retailers), and the area presents food desert features. City dwellers’ narratives demonstrate how income, mobility and location impact food choices, reinforcing social and spatial disparities. The article concludes that there is an urgent need for public policies that promote equity in terms of access to healthy food, integrating food security with the right to the city, especially in the current context of social and spatial fragmentation.